Showing posts with label Problem Solving. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Problem Solving. Show all posts

Monday, November 14, 2011

Inspiration Can Come From the Strangest Places!

Gotta love it when great math content just comes to your inbox!  The image below was part of a GoDaddy.com ad I received recently.  When I saw the ad, I was immediately inspired to write this post.   Guess you never know where you might get inspiration for math content or teaching strategies!!! 

The subject line of the email was "Choose your savings, all the way up to 30%".  Here's a screenshot of the GoDaddy.com ad:
 


Why I like this graphic:

Often times in math, we concentrate our efforts on the topic we're teaching to the exclusion of other questions or topics that could arise from the same problem or situation. By doing this we unwittingly lead our students to become locked in to one way of thinking about the situation. This causes problems for students when they later (usually on standardized tests) experience problems/situations that are a variation of or the counter to the problems they're used to solving.  Or, if the question that accompanies a familiar picture is different than the typical question.  For example, when students see a picture of an aquarium, they automatically think that they're going find the volume.  But, the question could ask how much sand is needed to cover the bottom of the aquarium.  If students have only found volume when given pictures of rectangular prisms, they won't even consider that the question could be asking for the area of the base.  If we don't give students experience in generating questions from given situations, they'll continue to jump to the wrong conclusions even if they do read the problem!  That's the big problem with formulaic teaching rather than teaching students to think and problem solve.

The graphic above is a prime example of this type of formulaic teaching.  Most students would look at the graphic and automatically think they need to find 10% of 50, 20% of 100, and/or 30% of 130 in order to answer the question.  Did you notice that there really isn't a question?...At least not one posed by a math teacher!  "How much do you want to save?" was part of the graphic in the email, so I'm not counting that as the question right now.  But, students may think this is the question.  If so, they'd probably still jump right to the calculations mentioned above.

The beauty of this graphic is that there are many questions that can asked about this sale offer. And, some of them lead to some interesting mathematics and considerations.

Generate Possible Questions:

Have students brainstorm questions that could be asked about this image.  There are many possible questions.  It will be interesting to see what students come up with.  You may learn a bit about what student's know, or don't know, about percents and interpreting information by the questions they generate.  You might want to check out the first post of my Brainstorming series to see some benefits of brainstorming.  Here are a few possible questions that came to mind:
  • How much will you save if you choose the 30% option and only spend $130?
  • How much more will someone save if they choose the 20% option over the 10% option?
  • Why would Go Daddy make this offer?  What's in it for them?  Which offer do you think Go Daddy wants people to choose?  Why?
  • What's the most I can save if I choose the 20% option?  What's the least I can save if I choose the 20% option? 
  • Which one is the best deal? 
  • Are the offers proportional?  Why would this matter?
  • If I choose the 30% option, am I saving 3 times what I would if I choose the 10% option? 
  • If I'm planning to spend $115, should I just go ahead and spend $130 to get the 30% discount?...At what $ amount, would it make sense for someone jump to the next level of savings?
Some of the questions above have a correct answer and some are great for discussion because they don't have one correct answer.  

Added Benefits:

There are also some added benefits of having students generate multiple questions for a given situation.  These are a just a few of extra benefits:
  • Natural Differentiation --- As you can see from the questions listed above, there are questions at various levels.  Once you've created the list, you can assign students questions based on their level of readiness.  
  • Built-in Choices --- This is a great way to provide students with choices.  Students can choose which question or questions they find most interesting and really want to answer.  Providing choices is a key component in effective teaching because it gives students a sense of control.   It's also a way to differentiate by interest.
  • Teachers Gain Insight About Students Level of Understanding --- When you have students generate questions, you get see where they are with their understanding of concepts and problem solving skills.  In the beginning, some students will only be able to come up with surface level questions.  As they gain more experience with problem solving and generating their own questions, you'll be able see and document their growth. 
  • Student Attitudes Improve --- When students become more involved in their learning experience, their attitudes generally improve.  If you combine this with differentiation and giving choices, you're likely to see an even greater impact on student attitudes about math and learning.
  • Opportunities For Problem Solving Arise --- From the questions above, you can see that some of them would involve problem solving as opposed to rote computation.  And, I would venture to say that many students would much rather answer some of these problem solving questions than the more basic questions.  The best part is that the skill practice we want students to have is automatically built-in to the problem solving experience!
Whether or not you use this particular scenario with your students, you may want to begin having students generate their own questions with other content.  Give it a try and you might just see some unexpected growth in your students. 

Hopefully, you've found this post useful.  If so, please pass it on to someone else who may find it helpful.

If you enjoyed this post, you might also like:

Five Benefits of Brainstorming in the Math Classroom 

Questions That Cultivate Mathematical Thinking
Seven Ways to Go from On-task to Engaged 
Come On Down! Problem Solving on The Price is Right
Looking Beyond the Obvious to Deepen Understanding

Monday, October 10, 2011

Hands-on Lesson for Area of Circles

This video was created by Karyn Hodgens of Kidnexions.  Karyn gives step by step instructions for having students make targets in order to practice finding area of circles.  I really like the way she incorporates problem solving into the lesson.   She also has some good ideas for demonstrating the concept of subtracting the areas to find the area of the outer rings of the target.


In order to extend this lesson and tie area and circumference into other math standards, you can have students create graphs for the area and circumference of each circle in the target.


   
Have students: 
  • compare and contrast the 2 graphs
  • describe what types of patterns they see on each graph
  • determine which of the 2 graphs shows a proportional relationship and describe what makes it proportional  (Proportional relationships are linear and they goes through the origin.  They always go through the origin because there is no constant.)
  • use the graphs to make predictions about data points that are not on the graph
  • relate the graphs to the formulas (equations) for area and circumference
  • describe how the equation (formula) and graphs for Circumference are different when you use radius instead of diameter as the independent variable 

If you like this lesson, you might also like Circumference: The Evolution of a Lesson.
  
What else could you do to extend this lesson for middle school? Leave a comment and share your ideas.
                               

Monday, October 3, 2011

Come on Down! Problem Solving on the Price is Right

If you're looking for an interesting activity that requires students to practice problem solving, look to The Price is Right!  Surprising right?!

For the 39th season of the show (aired in 2010), The Price is Right introduced a new game called Pay the Rent.  This game is interesting because, unlike most of the games on the show, it requires the contestant to use some problem solving skills.  I guess that should be expected since it's a $100,000 game!

Using this with Students:  

Begin by showing the following video clip.  This is a clip of the day Pay the Rent was introduced on the show. 


powered by Splicd.com

After showing the video clip, ask students to think about what question comes to mind about the game.  There is an obvious question that most students should be able to figure out.
  
The Question(s):

Is it possible to win this game?   If so, how?...The answer to this question should lead to another question.

If you can win this game, are there multiple ways to win?

Students might also wonder if this game is fair.  The question of fairness could be a good question for debate after students figure out if it's possible to win the $100,000 prize.

Next Step:

After students come up with the question, have them use the prices from the game to see if they can find a way to win the game.  

Once a student or groups figures out one way to win a new question should arise.  Is this the only way to win the game?  

Have students continue to see if they can find multiple ways to win the game.

Class Discussion:
  • Have students share their answers with the class and discuss the possible ways to win.  
  • Discuss the problem solving methods used by students.  
  • Ask students if answering this question was easier or harder than they thought.  Why?
  • Ask students students if they would go about solving this problem the same way again, or if they think there is an easier way to solve it.
  • Ask students if they would want to play this game if they were on The Price is Right.  Why or why not?  Ask if they think it would be easier now that they know the key to the game.
The Answer:

After students have had time to try to figure out if the game can be won, show the following video clip.
 

powered by Splicd.com

This clip proves that the game can be won and demonstrates how.  If you want students to continue problem solving, have them use the values in this video clip to see if there were other possible to win.

Possible Extensions on this lesson:
  • Have students journal about the methods they used to solve this problem.
  • Have students create a Glog (interactive poster) that illustrates the question and their solution.
  • Have students create a new Price is Right game that involves problem solving. 

Would you use this activity with students?  How would you extend this activity?  Leave a comment and let us know your thoughts.

Tuesday, December 14, 2010

Comparisons Made Easy with Find The Best

Find The Best.com is a great site for comparing things.  The video below gives an overview of the site.  This site lets you view comparisons of data in tables and graphs.  There is no end to the mathematical problems that can be posed and solved using this site.



Right now, the #7 comparison on the site is McDonald's Big Mac vs. Burger King's Whopper vs. Wendy's Double Stack. 

The question to pose to students is:  Which burger is best?   After students debate which burger is best based on their opinion, begin discussing what factors (calories, fat, and sodium) may influence someone's decision about which burger is best.  Then have students go to the site and look at the comparison chart to further explore the question of which burger is best.

The table gives all the nutrition information for each burger.  It lists the percent of daily value of saturated fat, protein, sodium, etc.  In addition to answering the question above, students could use the information in the table to calculate things like the number of fat grams for saturated fat, protein, and sodium. 

Creative Commons License
Comparisons Made Easy with Find The Best by Love of Learning Educational Services, LLC is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Interactive Map from the U.S. Census

The United States Census has a new interactive map that lends itself to many mathematical explorations. Students can explore statistics, various forms of data, interpreting graphs, finding percents, etc. 

The site also has a multimedia page that contains a video titled Statistics All Around Us.  This video explains why we need Census data.  The video could also be used as a teaching tool by using some of the statistics given to form and answer math problems.

For example, they state that 1 in 4 deaths are due to Heart Disease.  You could pose questions such as:

Based on its population, how many people in Texas would you expect to die of heart disease in 2010?
Which state would you expect to have the most deaths from heart disease in 2010?  The least?  Why?

This site lends itself perfectly to the type of math problems discussed in the videos of Dan Meyer and the Problem Based Learning video by Buck Institute of Education, BIE.

Creative Commons License
Interactive Map from the U.S. Census by Love of Learning Educational Services, LLC is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Monday, December 13, 2010

Creating Patient Problem Solvers

In the TED Talk posted May 2010, Dan Meyer discusses how to create patient problem solvers.

TED Talk --- Dan Meyer:  Math Class Needs a Makeover



In future posts, I will use Dan's ideas and reconstruct some typical Middle School Math Problems.


Creative Commons License
Creating Patient Problem Solvers by Love of Learning Educational Services, LLC is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
Based on a work at www.ted.com.